Thursday, 31 July 2025

July Summary: summer heat and sporting highs

The UK and Europe had record temperatures earlier in the month in a succession of heatwaves, but fortunately Cornwall missed the excesses and it was good to relax and enjoy the summer in Falmouth.

A crowded Swanpool beach, Falmouth

Falmouth lies between two beautiful rivers, the Fal to the north and the Helford to the south. I am most familiar with the Fal and the world's 3rd deepest natural harbour at its mouth, while Amanda spends much of her spare time gig rowing on the Helford, with its many creeks, particularly Frenchman's Creek, famous in literature and film (posting of 10 April 2015).

Falmouth's famous Chain Locker pub is situated by the Fal's inner harbour and we were pleased to see Steve Hearn on a brief visit to Cornwall before flying back home to Denver. Steve graduated in 1972 from the University of Nottingham but has spent most of his working life in USA, where we often met at the Annual SME Meetings. Barbara and I first met him at a conference in Antalya, Turkey in 1992 and he represented Outokumpu as a delegate at Magnetic, Electrical and Gravity Separation '01 in Falmouth 24 years ago.

Off the coast of Antalya in 1992 with Chris Bailey, now Managing Director of
Holman-Wilfley, Cornwall, Steve Hearn and the late Alan Apling of Leeds University

Steve retired from Huntsman Chemical in 2020 after 10 years as Senior Staff Engineer, providing technical support to the sales distribution network in the Americas who were responsible for selling mainly flotation but also hydro metallurgical chemicals. Prior to that he was with Outotec, formerly Outokumpu, for nearly 23 years, of which 21 years were with Carpco, a leader in physical separation, mainly gravity, magnetic and electrostatic separation with a market focus on industrial minerals. Carpco was acquired by Outotec in 1998.

With Steve at Falmouth's Chain Locker

Two months ago, Jon and I were in Germany for a stomach-churning high-speed lap around the infamous Nürburgring (posting of 12 May 2025). Just two weeks ago, Jon returned to the Nürburgring, this time for a high-speed circuit by bicycle. Back in May, we hit 213 km/h in a high-performance BMW, which was terrifying enough. But Jon’s 81 km/h on two wheels would’ve turned me to jelly! His fastest lap took 48 minutes - only 39 minutes behind our lap in the BMW!

In the middle of the month Barbara and I took the 2 hour journey by train from Falmouth to the southeast Cornwall town of Looe, changing at Truro and Liskeard. The Looe Valley branch line from Liskeard to Looe is unique among the four Cornish branch lines. Trains reverse out of the mainline station to access the branch line junction. The driver then has to change the points to allow the train to access the branch line, which descends steeply on a sharp horsehoe loop.

Looe is a picturesque coastal town, split by a bridge across the River Looe into East Looe and West Looe. In recent years the town has been prone to disastrous flooding. The river runs through a steep-sided, narrow valley, which funnels rainfall quickly downstream, creating a flash-flood risk when there is heavy rain upstream, The town lies on flat land at the confluence of river and sea, so high tides can prevent river water from flowing out and during storms, tidal surges can push seawater into the river, causing backflow and worsening flooding in the town.

East Looe from across the river in West Looe

The town was extremely busy, as the BBC drama Beyond Paradise, a spin-off of the popular Death in Paradise, has boosted tourism to Looe and surrounding areas significantly since it began airing in 2023. While the show is set in the fictional Devon town of Shipton Abbott, many of its scenes are filmed in southeast Cornwall and Devon.

There’s not much cheer in the news these days, but sport often has a way of lifting the spirits and the English Lionesses have done just that, reaching their third consecutive Women’s Euro Football final by the finest of margins. They mounted a stunning comeback from 2-0 down in their quarter-final against Sweden, ultimately prevailing in a dramatic penalty shootout, despite having four spot-kicks saved.

Then, in the semi-final against Italy, they looked headed for defeat, until a last-minute turnaround saw them snatch a 2-1 victory in extra time, booking their place in the final against world champions Spain, who had beaten them in the World Cup final two years ago. A showdown between the reigning European and World champions was always going to be special and after a pulsating 1-1 draw following extra time, England triumphed in the penalty shootout. It marked a historic first - a major tournament win on foreign soil for either the English women's or men's team. Well done Lionesses, most of the nation, including me, enjoyed every minute.

Source: Financial Times

And if you don’t like Test cricket, well, maybe you should! It’s hard to explain to the uninitiated how a five-day match can be so thrilling, but for those who appreciate the subtleties of the game, the recent five-match series between England and India has been a masterclass in drama, skill, and resilience.  With England leading by two wins to India's one. the final deciding Test begins today in London, capping off a fiercely contested series that has captured the true spirit of cricket.

Finally, on a sombre note, as we continue our preparations for Flotation '25, our thoughts are with the families of the six mineral processing students from Northeastern University in Shenyang, China, who died during a field trip to a copper-molybdenum concentrator in Inner Mongolia last week. The students were observing a flotation cell when the grid plate they were standing on collapsed, causing them to fall into the tank. Despite rescue efforts, all six students drowned, and a teacher accompanying them was injured. The incident has sparked national outrage in China, with many questioning the safety protocols in place at industrial facilities and the measures taken to protect students during educational field trips.

Monday, 28 July 2025

Metso Interview with Graeme Jameson

Froth flotation stands as one of the most significant scientific and practical breakthroughs of the 20th century. This method remains the cornerstone of the mining industry for extracting valuable raw materials from ores, the great interest being shown in Flotation '25 bearing testimony to this.

One of the most prominent figures in this field is Professor Graeme Jameson, renowned for his extensive career, who is part of the exceptional team of flotation innovators at Australia's University of Newcastle (posting of 23 June 2025).

The inventor of the Jameson, Concorde and NovaCell flotation cells he was recently interviewed by Metso about his career and his groundbreaking work in flotation technology. The Concorde Cell, an improved version of the earlier invention, the Jameson Cell, is an important part of Metso's flotation portfolio,and will be the subject of three presentations at Flotation '25. His latest invention, the NovaCell, will be the focus of two presentations.

Graeme Jameson started work in flotation when he was at Imperial College in London in the late 1960s. He  became friends with Dr Joe Kitchener of the Royal School of Mines (posting of 15 January 2018), who was very well-known in the field of flotation chemistry, who set Graeme off on his stellar career when he told him that in his opinion the chemistry of flotation was well advanced, but the hydrodynamics of bubble-particle interactions was much less understood.

What followed makes a fascinating story of a remarkable man, who at the age of 89 is still working on improving flotation technology.

#Flotation25

Thursday, 24 July 2025

Recent comments

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Monday, 21 July 2025

Sensor-Based Sorting at the Forefront of Physical Separation '26

Not so long ago, MEI's physical separation conferences typically opened with sessions on pre-concentration, most often centred around heavy medium separation (HMS). Today HMS barely earns a mention. The spotlight has shifted decisively toward pre-concentration by sensor-based electronic sorting, reflecting the rapid evolution of this technology.

We’re therefore delighted to welcome the two leading players in this field, Steinert and TOMRA, as sponsors of Physical Separation '26, to be held in Cape Town.

Steinert, a long-standing supporter, was a sponsor of both Physical Separation '24 and Comminution '25, and confirmed its ongoing involvement some time ago (posting of 6 January 2025). We’re now especially pleased to announce the participation of TOMRA in next year’s event.

TOMRA is a Norwegian company best known for its cutting-edge sensor-based sorting systems, originally developed for recycling and reverse vending machines. Over the years, TOMRA has become a major force in the mineral processing industry through its subsidiary TOMRA Mining, which specialises in sensor-based sorting technologies tailored to mining operations.

TOMRA offers a versatile portfolio of sensor technologies, each designed to target specific mineral sorting needs:

  • X-ray Transmission (XRT): Differentiates materials based on atomic density; ideal for diamonds, gold, and base metals.
  • Near-Infrared (NIR): Identifies materials based on surface chemistry; used for industrial minerals like quartz.
  • Laser Sorting: Distinguishes materials by reflectivity and texture; particularly effective for minerals such as calcite.
  • Colour Sorting (VIS): Separates particles based on visible colour differences; used in gem and industrial mineral applications.

TOMRA's latest innovation is CONTAIN, a major development in AI-powered ore sorting, engineered to reveal what traditional sorting can’t, by detecting inclusion-type ores like tin, tungsten, nickel, sulfides, and REE that often remain hidden deep inside. It visually classifies rocks based on the probability of subsurface mineral inclusions, transforming uncertainty into precision, and waste into value.

TOMRA Mining has made significant achievements in mineral processing over the past year. A standout achievement was its role in commissioning the world’s largest lithium ore sorting facility at Pilbara MineralsPilgangoora mine in Western Australia. Part of the P680 Expansion Project, the plant processes more than 1,000 tonnes of ore per hour. By combining TOMRA’s XRT and colour sorting systems, the operation effectively removes barren material at the front end, boosting lithium recovery and product quality. This pre-concentration strategy is projected to reduce downstream energy consumption by 8-15 GWh per year, while also cutting water and reagent use.

Another milestone came in August 2024, when Lucara Diamond Corp. recovered a colossal 2,492-carat diamond at its Karowe Mine in Botswana using TOMRA’s advanced XRT sorters (posting of 29 August 2024). This remarkable find ranks as the second-largest diamond ever discovered, surpassed only by the 3,106-carat Cullinan diamond found in 1905. Impressively, it is the largest diamond ever recovered directly from run-of-mine ore, a testament to the precision and robustness of TOMRA’s sorting systems.

It’s fantastic to have TOMRA and Steinert, the two global leaders in sensor-based sorting, on board for Physical Separation '26, alongside our other current sponsor, Mineral Technologies. Their presence highlights the growing importance of cutting-edge technologies in modern mineral processing.


#PhysicalSeparation26

Friday, 18 July 2025

July Cornish Mining Sundowner and a potential tungsten resource in Cornwall

 What a relief to see a fine turnout of around 25 at last night's Cornish Mining Sundowner at Falmouth's Chain Locker, having had the lowest turnout ever a month ago. And good to see so many staff and former students from Camborne School of Mines (CSM).

Linda Shimmield founded the CSM Association (CSMA) in 1989 to foster the alumni network and maintain the CSM identity. She served as secretary until 1996 and we were pleased to welcome the current secretary, Nicola Wilton, to her first sundowner.

Linda and Nicola

We only occasionally see Charlie Northfield, who graduated in mineral processing in 1980, as he is based in Malaysia. He is General Manager at the Selinsing Gold Mine, in Pahang State, approximately 158 km north of Kuala Lumpur and was on leave in his native Devon. It was good to catch up with Charlie, and to welcome a guest to the sundowner, Matthew McLeod, Mining Manager at the Gold and Minerals Co. Saudi Arabia. 

With Matt and Charlie

Matthew was brought up in Falmouth and he was visiting his family who live in the Truro area. His son is a miner at South Crofty, working on the shaft refurbishment. Matthew graduated from Camborne School of Mines as a mature student in 2012 and then worked in Canada for a short time before returning to Cornwall to be with his family. He spent some time at South Crofty, working for Cornish Minerals as a shift boss and briefly as a temporary mine captain on the shaft refurbishment before he was offered a position in Saudi Arabia by John Webster, a 1980 CSM graduate, who is now CEO of Gold and Minerals Co. Their first project is likely going to be five to seven open pits in the desert. It will be a 30mt a year project and will be making use of TOMRA Ore Sorters, for which they are currently preparing a second, larger test batch, initial testing reducing ore handling by about 50%. They also have ongoing labwork at GSL, now an Alfred H. Knight company, near Truro, to develop the processing of the sulphide part of all the deposits.

I was pleased to hear about the TOMRA sorters, which will also likely be used in the new processing plant for the resurgent South Crofty. TOMRA recently signed up with MEI as a sponsor for next year's Physical Separation '26 in Cape Town.

The resurgence of mining in Cornwall has seen South Crofty's return as a viable tin mine, with hopes of restarting tin production by the end of 2027, along with work on Cornish Lithium's hard rock and brine projects.

But Cornwall isn't all about tin and lithium. A new mining revolution is underway in Cornwall with the start of drilling for a critically important metal. Tungsten is known for its strength and durability and was historically a key component of light-bulbs. It has the highest melting point of all metals and is now used in everything from industrial cutting tools to aerospace and defence. 

Drilling is underway at the Redmoor Tungsten-Tin-Copper Project in Callington, East Cornwall. The company behind the mine, Cornwall Resources Limited says it is exploring for resources of tungsten, tin, and copper in its Tamar Valley licence areas, with a focus on Redmoor.

Dennis Rowland, CRL project manager, said: "This is an important moment for the company, for Cornwall, and for the UK. The drilling now underway is the first exploration drilling at Redmoor since 2018 and aims to enable the accelerated development of a potentially important new domestic source of critical minerals. We are excited to highlight through this drill programme the potential of Redmoor as a strategically important, high-grade, polymetallic tungsten resource right here in the UK".

Last night showed that the sundowner is alive and well, and I look forward to the next one, at the Chain Locker on Thursday August 21st from 5.30pm.

Monday, 14 July 2025

Flotation '25 Programme Released: The Strongest Line-Up Yet

I have known Jim Finch, Emeritus Professor at McGill University, Canada, for nearly 50 years. Over that time, we’ve developed a close and productive working relationship. Jim is a natural consultant to MEI’s flotation conferences and served as my co-editor for the 8th (and probably final) edition of Wills’ Mineral Processing Technology.

Jim and I signing books in Phoenix at the 2016 SME Meeting

Signed copies of the new edition will be awarded as prizes for the best oral and poster student presentations at Flotation '25, which takes place this November.

And what a conference it’s shaping up to be, featuring around 110 oral and 100 poster presentations. Jim and I spent a great deal of time working on this packed programme, and Jim finally remarked: "The programme looks excellent- nice grouping of topics, and such a range."

We are extremely satisfied with the groups and the breadth of topics covered across the four days. The schedule, now published on the conference website, reflects the ongoing evolution of flotation and its expansion into a wider array of commodities.

Day 1 opens with a keynote lecture, “From comminution to flotation: bridging the gap”, delivered by Chris Greet of Magotteaux, Australia. The rest of the day will explore flotation circuit design and the increasing role of AI and digital twins in operational management.

Day 2 focuses on flotation reagents, starting with Liza Forbes (JKMRC, Australia), who will present her keynote, “Beyond reagent trials – new directions in flotation chemistry research.”

Day 3 continues the reagent theme, kicking off with Jim Finch’s keynote, “Frothers: from fundamentals to practice.” Later that morning, the spotlight will shift to innovations in flotation machines, both mechanical and pneumatic. Leading manufacturers will be present in the exhibition during the extended coffee and lunch breaks to discuss these developments in depth.

On Day 4, we turn to the processing of critical metals such as lithium and rare earth elements, topics rarely addressed in earlier conferences but now taking centre stage. The morning begins with Charlotte Gibson, of Queen’s University, Canada and her keynote, “Lithium mineral flotation: the past, present, and future.” The day concludes with sessions on flotation fundamentals, control, and simulation, followed by the presentation of student prizes.

This 12th MEI flotation conference promises to be the most exciting in the series. As always, there will be ample opportunities for networking during long breaks, evening sundowners, and the informal conference dinner at the Gold Restaurant in central Cape Town. The event ends with a farewell function in the hotel gardens, with rumours of a special birthday celebration.

Registration is now open, so be sure to book your flights and accommodation early.

#Flotation25

Thursday, 10 July 2025

Momentum Builds for Comminution '27 as Industry Leaders Rally Early Support

Comminution '27 is just 21 months away! It’s hard to believe it’s been only three months since the highly successful Comminution '25 ended in Cape Town. The event attracted 237 delegates from 29 countries and received outstanding feedback from attendees,  a clear testament to the strength of MEI’s comminution conference series.

Looking ahead to Comminution '27, excitement is already building. The event has had a strong start, with 13 of the 22 sponsors from Comminution '25 already confirming their return, nine of these re-committing during the conference itself (posting of 28 April 2025).

The latest sponsors to sign on are Magotteaux, Derrick, Molycop, and Sino Grinding -  a warm welcome back to each of them!

We’re always pleased to share good news from our long-time sponsors. Russell Mineral Equipment (RME), a regular supporter of MEI’s comminution events, consistently brings a large team from Australia. We were especially proud to hear that RME Founder and Director, Dr. John Russell, received the prestigious Austmine 2025 Champion of Innovation Award at the Industry Leaders and Awards Dinner, held on 21 May 2025 during the Global Resources Innovation Expo.

MEI's Jon Wills with John Russell at Comminution '25

Austmine is Australia’s premier industry association for the Mining Equipment, Technology and Services (METS) sector. The Champion of Innovation Award is a lifetime achievement honour, recognising individuals who have significantly shaped the METS sector. 

John Russell founded RME in 1985 in Toowoomba, Queensland, with a mission to mechanise the mill relining process, improving safety, reducing reline times, and enhancing mine profitability. Today, RME operates in 64 countries with 13 international sales and service centres, employing over 450 people worldwide.

Congratulations to John and the entire RME team on this well-deserved recognition. We look forward to welcoming you once again in 2027.

Comminution '27 promises to be another landmark event for mineral processing professionals worldwide. Abstract submission is now open, and there are fantastic opportunities available for sponsorship and exhibiting. Don’t miss your chance to be part of what will surely be another must-attend industry gathering.

#Comminution27

Monday, 7 July 2025

New book: Liberation Based Energy Efficient Sulfide Flotation Circuits

I met Bill Johnson for the first time at the SME Annual Meeting in Denver in 2017, where he was inducted into the International Mining Hall of Fame.  Later in the year he was in Cape Town to present a keynote lecture at Flotation '17. In 2020 I interviewed him for the blog.

In over 50 years in minerals processing, Bill has made outstanding advances to the treatment of complex ores. He pioneered the use of the paradigm of size-by-size mineral liberation-class behaviour, and is a masterful user of this approach to drive major improvements to mineral processing plant design and performance. He was pivotal to the development of flowsheets and new processes for McArthur River, Mount Isa, Hilton and George Fisher, and has provided highly skilled technical support for a global array of operations. culminating in the development of the IsaMill technology and the Jameson Cell.

His educational and training experience includes teaching undergraduates and supervising postgraduate research together with running “in house” courses on advanced topics for technical staff. Bill is a respected mentor and widely known for his success in developing the professional skills of many minerals processing engineers during his time in the corporate sector and academia.

Bill Johnson is a Principal Consultant with Mineralis who has recently published what will be a very important book Liberation Based Energy Efficient Sulfide Flotation Circuits (Including Regrinding and Cleaner Flotation Technology Improvements since 1970).

In this book Bill distills his 50 years of internationally recognised experience in the treatment of complex ores into one publication. He discusses the significant developments in regrinding and cleaning technologies that have taken place from 1970 to 2020 and provides some future directions for primary grinding, roughing, regrinding and cleaning in sulfide flotation circuits to decrease the energy required for grinding in the total system. The decreased energy consumption can be achieved by performing the final stages of liberation of the valuable sulfide minerals mainly in regrinding where the tonnages of solid being processed are lower than in primary grinding.  

He uses data and real-world examples to effectively communicate the complexities of the sulfide mineral flotation process. Also included are discussions on the importance of the chemical conditions inside a regrinding mill and the relationships between these chemical conditions and the separation performance of the associated cleaner system.

Ample examples from industry are included to assist the reader, along with over 160 references. A must volume for anyone involved with sulfide mineral flotation.

Thursday, 3 July 2025

Mineral Technologies to sponsor Physical Separation '26 in Cape Town

Next year’s Physical Separation ’26 will be the 9th in this popular conference series and the second to be held in Cape Town, South Africa, once again at the beautiful Vineyard Hotel. The 2024 event drew 80 delegates from 17 countries, and we look forward to building on that success.

Physical Separation ’26 will showcase the latest developments in all physical separation techniques used in mineral processing. We are therefore pleased to announce that Mineral Technologies will be sponsoring an MEI Conference for the first time, joining our current sponsor, Steinert.

Mineral Technologies is a globally respected leader in fine mineral separation, particularly in the processing of mineral sands -including ilmenite, rutile, zircon, and garnet- as well as iron ore, chromite and other industrial minerals.

The company specialises in gravity and magnetic separation technologies, offering equipment such as spirals, magnetic and electrostatic separators, and custom flowsheet design. Its state-of-the-art metallurgical testing facility in Queensland underpins its engineering expertise.

Founded over 80 years ago, Mineral Technologies is part of the Downer Group, an Australian company known for delivering integrated services across multiple industries. With a global footprint, Mineral Technologies maintains operations and offices in North and South America, Africa, India, and Southeast Asia.

We warmly welcome Mineral Technologies to Physical Separation ’26 and look forward to their active involvement in the conference (#YourMineralsMatter).

Abstract submission is now open. Please submit short abstracts by October 31st. Physical Separation ’26 will be immediately followed by Mineral Processing Circuits ’26, also at the Vineyard Hotel.

#PhysicalSeparation26