Wednesday 15 May 2024

Final Call for Abstracts for Process Mineralogy '24 and Critical Minerals '24

Just a reminder that if you would like to present papers at Process Mineralogy '24 and/or Critical Minerals '24 in Cape Town in November, the deadline for abstract submission is the end of this month.

Process Mineralogy '24 is the 7th in the series and is sponsored by Zeiss, Capstone Copper, Promet101, Conundrum, Petrolab, and AECI Mining Chemicals. with media partners International Mining and Minerals Engineering.

We currently have two keynote lectures. "Assessment of trends in cobalt mining and processing in relation to mineralogy" will be given by Quentine Dehaine, Senior Researcher at the Geological Survey of Finland and "The future of geometallurgy" will be given by Stewart Brand, of BHP, Australia.

If you would like to exhibit, please let us know as soon as possible, as only one booth is available for rental at the moment.


Critical Minerals '24 is the first in the series and is sponsored by Promet101, AECI Mining Chemicals, Capstone Copper, Steinert, Petrolab, and Conundrum, with media partners International Mining and Minerals Engineering.

There will be two keynote lectures. "Battery minerals, or battery metals? That is the question, but what about battery materials?" will be given by Prof Alan Butcher, Chief Scientist & Technical Director, Hafren Scientific Group, UK and "Extractive Metallurgy of Rare Earths" will be given by Damien Krebs, Study Manager and metallurgist at Primero Group, Australia. We currently have one exhibit booth still available for rental.

We look forward to your involvement in Cape Town in November.

#Process Mineralogy24
#CriticalMinerals24

Monday 13 May 2024

From comminution to flotation: bridging the gap

What are the objectives of comminution? Its most basic aim is to liberate. That is, in primary grinding liberate the non-sulphide gangue so it can be rejected during rougher flotation; and in regrinding to liberate the valuable sulphides from the sulphide gangue to achieve a saleable concentrate grade during cleaner flotation, without losing recovery. Therefore, the comminution circuit is an integral step in the process of making a saleable concentrate. By itself, the product from a comminution circuit does not have a commercial value, and like mining it is part of the cost of producing a concentrate that can be sold.

A considerable amount of intellectual energy has been expended over the years by academia and industry alike studying comminution to understand breakage, developing models to predict comminution performance and how to become more energy efficient. Few of these studies have looked beyond grinding to examine its impact on downstream processes.

Of particular interest to Dr. Chris Greet, Manager Mineral Processing Research at Magotteaux Australia Pty Ltd, is the impact of regrind mills on the pulp chemistry and subsequent flotation response in base metal sulphide operations. For it is the chemical reactions that occur within the grinding mill that have an inherent influence on the surface chemistry of the particles we are trying to separate and make a saleable concentrate.

At Flotation '25 Chris will present a keynote lecture discussing the methods employed for selecting media for use in regrind mills, and provide some insights into the pulp chemistry of the slurries leaving these mills and how this effects the flotation response. Solutions will be discussed on how to restore the pulp chemistry and improve flotation performance by giving a number of examples from copper and lead/zinc operations.

#Flotation25

Thursday 9 May 2024

Four mineral processors in top 0.05% of all scholars worldwide

I have never been a great fan of ranking-lists, such as those comparing University departments around the world. Some are dubious to say the least, and are often biased. 

Ranking individuals is usually subjective but ScholarGPS is a California-based company that applies artificial intelligence, data mining, machine learning, and other data science techniques to its massive database of over 200 million publications and 3 billion citations to rank over 30 million scholars worldwide.

Highly Ranked Scholars are the most productive (number of publications) authors whose works are of profound impact (citations) and of utmost quality (h-index). and are those with ScholarGPS Ranks of 0.05% or better. The data used to identify the ScholarGPS Highly Ranked Scholars are based on lifetime or recent five-year activity, weighting each publication and citation by the number of authors, and excluding self-citations.

No mineral processors appear in the recent 5 year activity period, but four very well known scientists appear in the lifetime activity rankings. It is not surprising that they are all flotation specialists and are all 'old timers', as scientists build up their list of citations over the years, and all four were active back into last century. I am particularly pleased that all four have had varying involvements with MEI over the years.

Ranked number 1 is Douglas Fuerstenau, Professor Emeritus of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of California Berkeley. He is a legendary mineral processor who I interviewed in 2015 for the blog.

I last met him in Denver in 2019 when he was presented with the 2018 International Mineral Processing Council's Distinguished Service Award (DSA). He was the first person in the history of the IMPC Congresses, which go back to London in 1952, to be awarded both the Lifetime Achievement Award as well as the DSA. Following the presentation, I felt privileged to receive an invitation from the IMPC to participate in a photo session of past and present recipients of the Award. At that moment, we were the sole living recipients of this distinguished honour.

Prof Fuerstenau (2nd right) and me, with IMPC President-Elect Ralph Holmes,
and outgoing President Cyril O'Connor

Ranked second is John Ralston, Emiritus Laureate Professor of the University of South Australia, who I first met in St. Louis, USA in 1986. Two years later I set up Minerals Engineering journal, and he was an obvious choice to represent Australia on the Editorial Board, which he did for over two decades. I interviewed him for the blog in 2014 and he presented a keynote lecture at MEI's Flotation '19 in Cape Town.

South Australian of the Year, Officer of the Order of Australia, these are just two of the many accolades and awards showered on John, the founding Director of the University of South Australia's Ian Wark Research Institute

Barbara and I had the opportunity to give John and his wife Ann a tour of Cornwall back in 2018. Then, in August 2022, I had the chance to catch up with John and Ann in their hometown of Melbourne. During our conversation, John shared fond memories of the late Olivia Newton-John, with whom he briefly danced at Christchurch Grammar School in Melbourne. Reflecting on his time "standing all over her feet," it's no surprise he didn't audition to be her partner in Grease!

With the Ralstons at Falmouth's Chain Locker in 2018

Ranked number 3 is Jim Finch, Emeritus Professor at McGill University, Canada, who I first met at a NATO conference in Falmouth in 1986. Among his many honours, Jim received the IMPC Lifetime Achievement Award in 2020

Unlike many academic researchers his work has not just been laboratory based but has had a major impact on industrial practice through his very close association with industry throughout his career. I interviewed him for the blog in 2015 and when I suggested to Elsevier that Jim would be the only person that I would like to have in charge of the 8th edition of Mineral Processing Technology, I never expected him to agree. But he accepted with enthusiasm, and maybe a little trepidation, and put together a strong team which delivered what I consider to be a superb update of the text.

A book signing with Jim in Phoenix in 2016

Jim has had a long involvement with MEI, being our consultant to the flotation series of conferences, and at Flotation '21 he presented a keynote lecture on the appreciation of the life and work of Prof. Graeme Jameson, of the University of Newcastle, Australia, also a holder of the Lifetime Achievement Award.

Jim is pictured below at Flotation '15 with Prof Jameson (2nd right), Nag Nagaraj (2nd left) and Janusz Laskowski, all recipients of the SME's Antoine Gaudin Award. Prof. Laskowski is also a holder of the IMPC Lifetime Achievement Award (2008). 

Ranked number 4, Janusz Laskowski, Professor Emeritus of mineral processing at the University of British Columbia, Canada, was interviewed for the blog in 2019. I first met him at the 1988 IMPC Congress in Stockholm, and have caught up with him at every IMPC, apart from Moscow, since then, as well as occasional SMEs, and at MEI’s flotation conferences. He was a keynote speaker at Flotation ’15 in Cape Town.

It is good to see these eminent mineral processors recognised by the inaugural listings of ScholarGPS and presumably using AI removes the possibility of bias often associated with human assessments? 

Also ranked are mining universities, institutional rankings being based on the quality and quantity of active scholars in each institution who are highly productive (number of publications) and have generated outstanding work of meaningful impact (citations) and excellent quality (h-index). Rankings are based on the lifetime or prior five-year contributions of the included scholars, weighting each publication and citation by the number of authors, and excluding self-citations. 

Monday 6 May 2024

Dr. Samayamutthirian Palaniandy: 1974-2024

There was very sad news in from Australia last week of the untimely death of Dr. Samayamutthirian Palaniandy, General Manager at Nippon Eirich, Australia. who I spoke to only 2 months ago at the SME Annual Meeting in Phoenix, where he was with his USA colleague Tyler Rhea.

Sam and Tyler in Phoenix

Sam, as he was known, contributed a great deal to five of MEI's comminution conferences. His first appearance was at Comminution '08 in Falmouth, representing the Universiti Sains Malaysia, where he lectured from 2001 to 2011. He can just be seen on the right on a very wet visit to the Camborne-Redruth mining district.

In November 2011 he moved to Australia for 4 years as a senior researcher in stirred milling technology at the JKMRC in Brisbane and he presented papers on behalf of JKMRC at Comminution '12 and Comminution '14

Sam, 2nd right with JKMRC colleague Malcolm Powell and Metso staff at Comminution '14
Relaxing with Peter Radziszweski at Comminution '14

From JKMRC he moved to Nippon Eirich Australia, where he was General Manager and Global Product Manager for the TowerMill. He would have been in Cape Town next month to present a paper at Mill Circuits '24 on the TowerMill, as he did at Comminution '18 and Comminution '23.

With Nick Wilshaw of Grinding Solutions Ltd at Comminution '18

Sam will be greatly missed, not only as a great mineral processor but as a very warm and friendly person. Our thoughts are with his family and friends.

Thursday 2 May 2024

April summary

The month began with some sad news, of the death of a very well-liked and respected member of the Camborne School of Mines research team.  Tony Ball died on the first of the month and had spent over 28 years at CSM, from July 1977 until his retirement in December 2005.

His friend, the late Dr. Alan Bromley, head of geology at CSM and later the founder of Cornish Company Petrolab, recognised Tony's potential and employed him as a technician to prepare thin and polished sections. Totally self-taught he soon became a Senior Technician in charge of the scanning electron microscope where he produced some amazing results for many research projects. 

Tony with Amanda Wills in July 1989 when Amanda was on work-experience at CSM

When CSM was absorbed into the University of Exeter and moved to the new Tremough campus at Penryn, Tony was promoted to lead technician and continued with his main role with SEM and related instrumental analysis, including the newly installed QEM-SEM. Our sincere condolences to his wife Marge and family.

I unfortunately was unable to attend Tony's funeral in Camborne, as Barbara and I were cruising the Iberian coast, the highlight in the first week being Cádiz, and Casablanca in the second week the most disappointing port of call.

Cádiz

We also missed the April Cornish Mining Sundowner, on a sunny evening at Falmouth's Chain Locker. I thank CSM Association Secretary Carol Richards for the photo below. There are many new faces who I do not recognise, including 13 students on the first year CSM Degree Apprenticeship in Mining Engineering, who were visiting CSM for two weeks for their first residential course of the programme.  

Monday 29 April 2024

Flotation '25 is only 19 months away!!

It's only 5 months since Flotation '23 ended in Cape Town, MEI's biggest conference to date. MEI's flotation series is now firmly established as the must conference to attend for anyone involved in this crucial operation, which becomes ever more important in dealing with dwindling supplies of easy to treat ore and the need to concentrate the 'new' minerals needed for the green transition.

Already there has been a great response to Flotation '25, with 17 companies signed up for sponsorship, and 16 of the 23 exhibition booths booked. Exhibiting at the conference provides excellent exposure, as the exhibit area is where delegates break for coffee and lunches and networking.

The exhibition area at Flotation '23

There will be many opportunities for networking over the 4 days, at the evening sundowners in the wonderful Vineyard Hotel gardens, and at the informal conference dinner. All the leading figures in flotation are expected to be there, including Prof. Graeme Jameson, whose Jameson Cell celebrated its 30th birthday at Flotation '19

Prof. Jameson celebrating the 30th birthday of his flotation cell

The Jameson Cell is marketed by Glencore Technology, one of the Flotation '25 sponsors and exhibitors. Also on display will be Prof. Jameson's Concorde Cell, marketed by sponsor and exhibitor Metso,who recently launched the first of its Concorde Cell high-intensity pneumatic flotation units in Africa through local manufacturing partner Betterect, which fabricated Metso’s design in South Africa for the first time.

Although we are a long way off the conference, it's not too early to think about submitting abstracts and there will be more information on the first two keynote lectures shortly.

In the meantime, here are a few photos taken at Flotation '23 to whet your appetites!

#Flotation25

Friday 26 April 2024

Carry on Cruising

The first week of our Iberian Coast cruise went well (posting of 21st April) and our second week began with an evening departure from Gibraltar, bound for the African continent.

Many people have a romanticised image of Morocco’s largest city, Casablanca, due to the eponymous 1942 movie, all of which was filmed in Hollywood. In reality we found it very different. 

We docked in the Port of Casablanca, one of the largest artificial ports in Africa, with the ability to handle over 35 ships at any one time, with a capacity of over 3.5 million shipment containers. This was the sight that greeted us as we docked in the early morning.

Eager to see what the city had to offer we headed for United Nations Square, said to be an iconic spot, built at the entrance to the Medina (old city) during the time when Morocco was a French Protectorate.

Welcome to Casablanca

Not too impressed, we did not linger long and feeling the effects of the previous day’s 10 mile hike on the Rock of Gibraltar we headed back to the ship, from where we did at least get a view of the nearby Hassan II Mosque, the second largest serving mosque in Africa, with the world's second tallest minaret at 210 metres.

We then spent a relaxing day on the ship, which was followed by two more days at sea as we headed north, encountering a number of pods of porpoises and dolphins as we made our serene progress to our fifth port of call La Coruña.

Dolphin watch
Entertainment in the sun

Unlike our previous port of call. La Coruña is a beautiful clean city. Situated on a promontory in the Galicia region of northwest Spain it has a wide promenade leading from the port to the 16th century fortress of San Antón castle.

La Coruña harbour
La Coruña from San Antón castle

And from La Coruña another day at sea, across a cold and unusually calm Bay of Biscay into our last port of call, Bristol. We are familiar with Bristol (posting of 10 December 2012) so took the shuttle bus for a couple of hours in the nearby Somerset town of Portishead.

Portishead Marina

From Bristol we sailed overnight to a morning return to Falmouth, and the end of our first major cruise. And maybe our last!  Although we could not fault the Ambassador crew and entertainers, of 30 nationalities, 12 nights on a ship with only brief snapshots of various localities does not compare to our usual wanderings, mainly in Southern Africa, and we are now planning our next adventure, to the mountains and coast of KwaZulu-Natal, in November, following Process Mineralogy '24 and Critical Minerals '24.

A final farewell to the crew and entertainers of Ambassador's Ambition

Tuesday 23 April 2024

The Evolution of Mill Circuits

Mill Circuits '24 will be the first in what we hope will be an important new MEI conference series. Sponsored by Capstone Copper, FLSmidth, and Conundrum, the conference programme highlights new approaches to mineral processing circuits, through design, modelling, optimisation and operation.

I will set the scene on the opening day by showing how mill circuits have evolved from the first industrial revolution to the present day and on the final afternoon a panel will look at how they might evolve in the future.

The panel will be chaired by Dariusz Lelinski,the Global Director for Flotation with FLSmidth, USA, who will also present the first day keynote lecture  "Evolution to revolution? How can innovation in flotation technology deliver sustainable productivity, now and into the future?"

The four panelists will bring wide ranging experience into the discussion.

Kevin Galvin is well known as the inventor of the Reflux Classifier and the Reflux Flotation Cell, He is a Laureate Professor at the University of Newcastle, Australia and Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering, and previous recipient of the Antoine Gaudin Award in mineral processing. He is Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling Eco-Efficient Beneficiation of Minerals.

Rajiv Chandramohan is Technical Director, Global Operations, with Ausenco, Canada. He has extensive experience in mineral processing research, comminution, materials handling, metallurgical testing and numerical and process simulations. He has developed a wide range of novel technologies applicable to the mining industry in gold, copper, platinum and diamond operations.

There is likely to be a revolution in process control, by harnessing physics-informed AI models for enhanced profitability, robustness, and sustainability and probably no one is better equipped to discuss this than Artem Penkin, Data Science Team Lead with AI company Conundrum, UK, who is a sponsor for all forthcoming MEI Conferences.

After graduating from Camborne School of Mines in 1985, Dave Meadows spent 12 years in production in South Africa before moving to the USA and he is now Chief Technical Officer with Bechtel Mining and Metals in Phoenix. He has wide international experience in the minerals industry, including guidance and supervision in testwork programs, process design, pre-feasibility and feasibility studies, project engineering and execution, construction, commissioning, plant optimisation and a variety of operational management roles, with involvement in significant mineral beneficiation plants for processing of base metals, precious metals and industrial minerals.

Although the panel discussion is provisionally timetabled for 90 minutes, it will last as long as the conversation flows, and if there are any topics that you feel should be discussed we invite you to submit them as comments here for the benefit of the chairman.

Mill Circuits '24 will be of great value to all involved with plant operations, and it is not too late to submit abstracts if you would like to get involved.

#MillCircuits24

Sunday 21 April 2024

All at Sea

Five years ago Barbara and I spent a week on a small vessel, island hopping along the Croatian coast (postings of 7th May and 12th May 2019), but we always said that one thing we would never do, apart from Karaoke of course, would be to spend precious holiday time on a large cruise ship. So here we are, one week into a cruise down the Iberian coast to north Africa.

Our first major cruise is taking us to places we have never been to before and what made it particularly attractive is that it sailed from, and will return to, Falmouth Docks, a 5 minute journey from home.

At 48,000 tonnes, Ambassador's Ambition is the biggest ship we have been on since we sailed from Southampton to Cape Town on the 38,000 tonnes Windsor Castle almost 55 years ago. Leaving the shelter of the English Channel we entered a gale-swept Atlantic Ocean and two days at sea with daily walks around the promenade decks to counter the great food and drinks on offer in the many bars and restaurants.

Our first port of call was Portugal's capital city, Lisbon, one of the oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city after Athens, predating other modern European capitals by centuries.

Docking in Lisbon

We walked several miles up the narrow medieval streets, reminiscent of our recent visit to Zanzibar.

From São Jorge Castle, on one of Lisbon's highest hills, the view encompasses the old city’s pastel-coloured buildings, Tagus Estuary and the Ponte 25 de Abril suspension bridge.

The mighty Spanish Armada sailed from Lisbon to England in 1588, passing our starting point of Falmouth en route to its ill-fated destiny in Plymouth at the hands of the English Admiral Sir Francis Drake and the British weather. But in April 1587 a raid by Drake occupied the harbour at the Spanish port of Cádiz for three days, capturing six ships, and destroying 31 others,an event which became known in England as 'The Singeing of the King of Spain's Beard', the attack delaying the sailing of the Armada by a year.
While Lisbon is the second oldest European capital, Cádiz, our next port, was founded 3,000 years ago by the Phoenicians and is the oldest city in Western Europe. Situated on a narrow strip of land surrounded by the sea it is a beautiful city with narrow winding alleys connecting large plazas centering on historical landmarks.
Leaving Ambition for Cádiz
Not too far from Cádiz is Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory and city located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Bay of Gibraltar, near the exit of the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean. The landscape is dominated by the Rock of Gibraltar, at the foot of which is a densely populated town area. 
We arrived in Gibraltar on a dull and wet early morning, but we managed to reach the top of the Rock by cable car and then walk an arduous 10 miles in the nature reserve, coming face to face with the famous Barbary Apes, originating from the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Around 300 of these apes populate the Rock, the only wild monkey population in Europe.

Arriving in Gibraltar at dawn
And so ended an excellent first week at sea, with three more ports to call at in our second week. I look forward to sharing more experiences next week.